The population genetics of structural variants in grapevine domestication

Structural variants (SVs) are a largely unexplored source of genetic variation in plants. Here, we analyse 50 genomes of wild and cultivated grapevines to characterize SV diversity and its consequences. Our analyses support a reduction in the proportion of deleterious protein-coding SVs during domestication, which suggests a history of selection against deleterious structural changes. We examine the population genetics of SVs across genes and non-coding regions and find that grapevine SV diversity is shaped by demography, purifying selection and positive selection.